How to attend Morning Musume. kobetsu (individual) release events in Japan?

This article will provide you with basic information regarding Morning Musume. kobetsu (individual) release events, and how to attend them.

This guide can also be used for other Hello! Project / M-Line acts that organize their kobetsu events through forTUNE music too.

You can therefore use it as well if you plan on going to kobetsu events for OCHA NORMA, Tsubaki Factory and BEYOOOOONDS but NOT for ANGERME and Juice=Juice (they are using pony canyon instead).

Table of contents:

- What are kobetsu events?

- How to participate in forTUNE music events?

- Overall tips

- Tips for cheki sessions

- Tips for sign sessions

- Tips for talk sessions

- How to trade tickets for talk sessions?

♡ What are kobetsu events?

Kobetsu events (個別イベント) or "individual events" are a specific kind of release events organized to promote Morning Musume.'s new releases. 

Unlike other release events, those allow you to have a personalized interaction with the members. Therefore, if some are happening in Japan, you should definitely try to attend them!

These events last for an entire day, and several are organized in Tokyo and in Osaka, mostly shortly after the release date of a new single or album. They feature three main types of activities that you can do with the members:

- Cheki sessions (チェキ会): taking a polaroid picture with one or multiple members. 2-shot cheki means that you and one member of your choice will be on the picture, 3-shot means you plus two members, etc. and "group cheki" includes several members. For chekis, you will be asked to choose a pose to do on the picture. Your polaroid photo will be handed to you by the staff while you leave the booth after taking the picture. 

- Individual sign sessions (個別サイン会): talking to the member while they sign a paper with your name. 

- Individual talk sessions (個別トーク会): talking to the member. One ticket worths about 8 seconds with them. For albums (as those are more expensive than singles), they rather organize "long talk sessions" (個別ロングトーク会), for which one ticket worths about 40 seconds with the member.

These activities can be slightly different depending on the events, so make sure to always check the details yourself on the related webpages.

These tickets can be obtained through lotteries organized via a service named forTUNE music. Tickets are sold with CD packages, and not all activities cost the same price. You will not be charged for a lottery you lost.

♡ How to participate in forTUNE music events?

The very first step for you will be to carefully read the event schedule and details on the corresponding Hello! Project website page once it has been announced.

A day of kobetsu events is usually organized this way: cheki sessions → talk sessions → sign sessions. All sessions are organized in time slots ("部"). While applying for an activity, you will be asked to choose the session(s) and the member(s) that you want.

Here is an example of a kobetsu event schedule which was used for one of Morning Musume.'s 73rd single release individual events:

• Group cheki session: Doors opening at 11:20, event starting at 11:30
• 2-shot cheki session ① : Doors opening at 12:10, event starting at 12:20
• 2-shot cheki session ② : Doors opening at 12:30, event starting at 12:40
• Talk session ① : Doors opening at 13:55, event starting at 14:00
• Talk session ② : Doors opening at 14:25, event starting at 14:30
• Talk session ③ : Doors opening at 15:10, event starting at 15:15
• Talk session ④ : Doors opening at 15:40, event starting at 15:45
• Talk session ⑤ : Doors opening at 16:40, event starting at 16:45
• Talk session ⑥ : Doors opening at 17:10, event starting at 17:15
• Talk session ⑦ : Doors opening at 17:55, event starting at 18:00
• Talk session ⑧ : Doors opening at 18:25, event starting at 18:30
• Sign session : Doors opening at 19:35, event starting at 19:45

And here were the prices for that one event:

Group cheki session: ¥6,100 (all regular editions of the single + Limited Edition A, B or C)

2-shot cheki session: ¥6,100 (all regular editions of the single + Limited Edition A, B or C)

Sign sessions: ¥6,100 (all regular editions of the single + Limited Edition A, B or C)

Talk session: ¥1,300 (Regular Edition A , B or C of the single)

(Keep in mind that this is just indicative information to give you a global idea of the prices and organization, but of course check details for the event you plan on going to).

You also need to know that for "Individual talk sessions" (not "Individual long talk sessions"!), members are almost always grouped in pairs. For instance, during the event that was introduced above, "Group B" was composed of Ikuta Erina and Haga Akane. Which means that you apply for a GROUP of members and not directly for the member of your choice. Therefore, if you won the lottery for a "Group B Individual talk session", you would randomly get a talk ticket with Ikuta or Haga. But do not stress too much over this, many fans achieve to trade their tickets if they did not get the member of their choice (more information on trade at the end of the article). 

Now that you have all of this in mind, time to apply for some tickets!

1. Creating your forTUNE music account

I recommend using the Google Translate Chrome extension to navigate on the website if you do not read Japanese. 

Go to https://fortunemusic.jp/ and click on the three bars at the top left section on the page, and then on "ログイン / 新規登録" (Log In / Sign Up). Then, choose "新規登録". 

Agree to the terms of use ("利用規約に同意します") and the handling of your personal information ("プライバシーポリシーに同意します"), then click on "同意して次に進む" ("Agree and proceed"). 

Fill the following form:

When filling in the address, make sure to put one you will actually be able to send the tickets and CDs to. Tenso does not ship within Japan, so don't send it to their place (or any other proxy service).

If you don't live in Japan, ask someone who lives there if they could receive the CDs and tickets for you. If you're travelling, you can also ask your hotel if they would agree to do it.

After you filled in the form and confirmed your information, they will send you an e-mail with a URL, on which you will have to click to confirm your registration.

Once your account is set up, it's time to apply for events!

2. Applying for lotteries

Several rounds of lottery are always organized, which gives you multiple opportunities to apply or even more time to decide. However, it happens that certain members sell out their slots for some of the activities, so try to apply from the first one if you want to maximize your winning chances. 

Access the page of the event, scroll down and then click on the activity you're interested in (they have the shape of red rectangles).

Example from the Tsubaki Factory's 3rd album kobetsu events page

If "受付終了" is written before the name of an activity, it means that you can no longer apply for it (it's either sold out or all reception lotteries are over). 

After clicking, you will be directed to a page with all the details about the type of event you chose. Scroll down and you will find summaries of all reception lotteries with their opening and closing times. Choose one that is currently open and click on "Click here to apply" ("申し込みはこちら").

Then, click on your desired date and venue to pull down a table summarizing all the time slots and available members.

Choose the appropriate numbers of slots you would like to apply for (as long as it's for the same activity here, you can apply up to the number of slots they detail at the top of the page).

Once you're done, add it to your cart by clicking this button at the bottom of the page.

Complete the application process. Once you're done, you should receive an e-mail from forTUNE music. You can also check the status of your lottery applications from "My Page" "マイページ", and then "抽選申込履歴".

3. Lottery results and payment

On the day of the results, check "My Page" "マイページ" and click on "抽選申込履歴". You will find a tab with all your applications, and if the results are out, they will be detailed in the "抽選結果" column.

There are three types of results you can get:

- 当選: you won all the slots you applied for (for the type of activity the line is about).

- 一部当選: you partially won (so at least one slot).

- 落選: you lost.

You will also receive a mail to tell you about the results.

If you won, click on "お支払い方法の未登録一覧" next to the tab to choose your payment method. Make sure to do it as soon as possible, because there will be a payment deadline, and you will lose your slots if you don't pay by the deadline. 

Good news for international fans, you can pay by credit card! No need to pay at the conbini.

4. Receiving your CDs and tickets

If the lottery you won took place before the official CD release date, you will receive around the release date. forTUNE music sends mails to let customers know when the packages have been shipped.

Your tickets will be gathered on wide paper sheets included in the box next to CDs, on which they will be pre-cut. You can get rid of the blank tickets with just "***" on it. All you have to do is to bring them to the event and show it to the staff after queuing for the right time slot!

If you received Individual Talk session tickets and are not satisfied with the members you were randomly appointed within their "groups", there are tips on how to trade with other fans at the end of the article.

♡ Overall tips

- Be aware of the members' popularities. As it was explained above, forTUNE music always organizes many different lottery receptions, but tickets for certain members are quite difficult to win. If you plan on applying for a session with a popular member (or group chekis), make sure to try from the first reception. If this is a graduation single/album, sessions with the graduating member will automatically be very competitive, regardless of their initial popularity. Also, be aware that some members who are not necessarily the most populars can be known for being good at specific activities and their tickets for those sessions will therefore be harder to get (e.g. Sakurai Rio's chekis).

- Be on time. Officially, the staff will not let you use a ticket indicating a specific time slot for another one if you missed it.

- Wearing a mask is mandatory for talk and sign sessions.

- If a member you were supposed to have a session with is absent on the day of the event (e.g. sickness), check the staff's updates on the Hello! Project website to see how they will proceed. Sometimes, they can offer refunds, but also allow you to change for a session with another member of your choice instead.

- If you're attending an event in Tokyo, do not mix up "Shibuya Bellesalle" and "Shinjuku Bellesalle". Both venues are often used for Morning Musume. kobetsu events, and as their names are very similar, be careful not to go to the wrong one.

- Have fun!!

♡ Tips for cheki sessions

- Don't forget your passport / residence card! The staff will check the name on your ticket and your ID before you can access the event venue for cheki sessions.

- Choose your pose in advance and write it down on the papers the staff will be handing around the venue when it's time for cheki sessions. It's quite logical, but write it in Japanese and be as precise as possible (e.g., try to avoid writing things like "heart", which could be a heart formed by joint hands, a big heart formed with arms, finger heart, etc.). Very logical again, but do not choose anything inappropriate. 

- Have another idea of pose you'd like to do just in case. It's rare, but sometimes, members can decline your pose if they don't like it, don't feel comfortable with it or are tired of doing it all the time. If this happens, it's better to have a plan B to avoid choosing something in haste.

- If you don't really know which pose you should do, do not hesitate to ask the member to choose it for you! To do so, just write "[Member's name]のおまかせ" on the paper. It's a really great idea, because not only it's cool to let them choose it themselves, but it can also allow you to spend extra time with them in the booth and have a cute interaction while they're deciding. 

- Don't talk to the member when you're in the booth. It's currently forbidden, and the staff will remind you of it before you letting you enter. Sometimes, the members don't really care about the rule and will tell you something anyway; in this case you can answer in a quick and discrete way but do not initiate the conversation yourself. Instead, have a great smile and wave at them!

- Don't forget to take the polaroid photo with you. It actually happens to a lot of people, especially on the first time they take a cheki, due to stress, emotion, etc. after interacting with the member. The staff will be handing it to you when you leave the booth, so don't forget it!

♡ Tips for sign sessions

- Don't forget your passport / residence card! As for cheki sessions, the staff will check the name on your ticket and your ID before you can access the event venue.

- Choose your nickname and write it down on the forms the staff will be handing around the venue when it's time for sign sessions. This is the nickname the member will be writing on the paper next to their sign. Before entering the venue, the staff will check your nickname form and apply a stamp on it to attest your nickname verification (obviously, any inappropriate nickname will be rejected).

- Your nickname can only written in katakana or hiragana (up to 10 characters). It is not allowed to request them to write it using kanji or foreign alphabets. 

- For tips on interaction / conversation, check the section below, as those will be the same than for talk sessions.

♡ Tips for talk sessions

- Be careful while preparing what you're going to say. Don't enter the booth without any idea of what you could say, because there are high chances that your mind will go completely blank once you face the member. Have a least a few ideas of things you want to mention. On the other hand, do not learn full sentences / speeches by heart, because you might panic and forget it during the session, which will make you lose some precious time. It's also a bad idea because it will limit the spontaneity of your interaction, as well as the member's ability to reply and engage in a real conversation.

- If you can, try to have multiple tickets with the same members for a single time slot, rather than splitting your tickets between multiple time slots. If you have more than one ticket for a time slot, you won't have to queue again before entering the booth. Instead, the staff will add the allowed conversation time of each ticket together. It's more interesting to get one 16s session than two 8s sessions, because you will gain some time not having the basic "hello" and "goodbye" parts with the members twice. It will also allow you to have more in-depth conversations. 

- Look at them! It can be very intimidating, especially for shy people, but you might remember their faces and the atmosphere of the moment better if you really try to focus. 

♡ How to trade tickets for talk sessions?

As it was explained above, you cannot directly choose the member that you want for talk sessions. Instead, you apply for a "group", and you will not know which member you will get until the tickets arrive at your place.

Talk tickets are the only type of ticket you can trade, because they don't have your name on it. You cannot trade cheki and sign tickets.

Therefore, fans often trade together if they did not get their oshi / the members that they wanted. To do it yourself, Twitter will be your best friend. Here is a sample you can use to tweet your trade offer:

【交換】

モーニング娘。’[year]　個別トーク会

譲:[MM/DD] [city]　[Surname of the member you got] [Number designating which time slot is it]部 x[amount of tickets you got for this member and this time slot]

求:[MM/DD] [city]　[Surname of the member would like to get in exchange]

よろしくおねがいします。

If you are looking for a specific time slot, you can add it next to the name of the member you would like to get a ticket for. You can also add more information below, such as about the exchange method (on site, by mail, etc.) or the payment. Most of the time, people trade on site and exchange the money and tickets directly by cash. Some people also like to trade at earlier event places (e.g., if a concert / event is happening some time before the kobetsu event).

Once you have tweeted, you can also search for similar keywords on Twitter to check if someone has already proposed a deal that would fit your requirements, and contact them.

Note that sometimes, people cannot attend the event at all in the end due to work, or other reasons. Most of the time, those people will sell their tickets. Exchange offers involving money will then be marked as "k". If you plan on buying tickets from people, you can also check resales on Mercari.

♡ Some tips for trading talk session tickets:

- Once you've found someone to trade with, make sure to discuss with them enough in DM. I would recommend you sending a picture of your ticket to show them that you're safe to trade with. You can also ask them to do it too.

- I would advise you to mention that you are an international fan. If you don't speak Japanese well or use a translation tool, the person might think you are being rude with them in the case you non-intentionally say something awkward, or if your messages are not polite enough. If they know that you're not Japanese, they will be more lenient. You can also mention this in your initial trade tweets, because some fans might be more willing to choose you as the person to trade with if they know that it's one of your rare occasions to interact with your oshi, especially as non-Japan residents. 

- On the day of the event/trade, keep them updated about your situation (if you're late, if you arrived at the venue, etc.). Set a precise meeting place and time, and make sure they update you as well to avoid any misunderstanding.

If there is any missing or incorrect information, please tell me. I will try to update the guide if there is any change.

How to attend a Hello! Project concert in Japan?

This article will provide you with basic information regarding Hello! Project concerts in Japan, and how you can attend them using official means (technically illegal methods such as ticket resale will not be covered). The three main ways of getting tickets are the following: the FC lottery, the general sale, and the same-day tickets sale.

Please note that it only concerns concerts, and not release events or FC events. Different articles will later on be shared for information regarding the latter. 

♡ Via the fanclub lottery

The fanclub lottery is probably the easiest way to get tickets for a Hello! Project concert as a foreigner. 

To access it, you need to pay for an annual membership to the FC.

- How to join the FC?

As of 2024, a year of general membership costs ¥5100 (you will be asked to pay for an extra ¥1000 admission fee when you join the FC for the first time). The main benefits of the membership are the access to FC advance receptions, access to FC exclusive events (e.g. members' birthday events) and the possibility of buying FC-exclusive goods.

The website page for FC membership applications is available here. If you can't read Japanese, the Google Translate Chrome extension might be a good ally for you.

You will be given a choice between paying at the conbini or by credit card. If you live abroad and don't known anyone who could pay for you at conbini, do not worry, most foreign credit cards seem to be working on the website (officially, they accept VISA, MasterCard, JCB, Diners Club and AMERICAN EXPRESS).

After choosing your payment method and clicking on the "new subscription" ("新規入会") button at the bottom of the following page, you will be asked to enter your e-mail address.

You will then receive an e-mail containing a special URL to complete the subscription process.

Then, all you have to do is to fill a form with all your basic needed information (name, birthdate, address, phone number, etc.).

If you do not have a Japanese address or phone number, you can use those provided by Tenso, a company that allows you to receive goods at their place in Japan and then ships them to your place overseas. Creating an account is quite simple, and after verifying your ID, they will provide you with an address and a phone number that you can freely use for your orders.

After filling the FC application form, the final step will be to complete your payment. You will receive an e-mail when your payment has successfully been completed, and make sure to check this out because otherwise it might mean it didn't get accepted!

Once the entire application process is done, it will take about a month for them to ship your FC card (if you chose to use Tenso, they will receive it for you and you will need to pay their consolidation and shipping fees for it to be sent to your place overseas). 

Please note that you cannot apply for any FC lottery until you have received your card. This is why it is better to apply in advance if you plan on visiting Japan or attending a particular show.

The card will come with detailed information regarding the activation of your account. Make sure to preciously keep those papers. Every step is well-explained (you will basically need to log-in and confirm your password using your e-mail address and your brand new membership number). 

- How to apply for a concert via FC?

The first reception for Hello! Project concerts usually starts right after its the announcement. You can keep up with the announcements via the Hello! Project website, the FC website or its Twitter account.

The FC lottery process for H!P concerts goes through different steps:

- The application period (usually a few days/weeks)

- The confirmation period (on which you will be able to see whether you won or not, and you will be asked to confirm your payment method)

- The payment deadline

- The tickets shipping period (usually a week before the concert/event)

Sometimes, they organize a second reception, if there are still FC tickets to be distributed. Those are often announced under the name "FC2次受付" or "FC追加受付". If you lost, you can then apply again.

Before applying for any concert, you need to know these three important pieces of information:

- The only available payment method is conbini. You will be given a choice between different conbini brands (Seven Eleven, Family Mart, Lawson, etc.) but it's impossible to pay online by credit card. Therefore, make sure to find someone in Japan who will be able to pay for you before the conbini payment deadline.

- The tickets cannot be delivered at your Tenso address. Tenso does not accept to receive event tickets at their place, and only allows to ship goods overseas. Therefore, you need to change your FC address to someone's place in Japan who will accept to receive your tickets for you. If you have no one to do it for you and plan on staying at a hotel, you could also ask them if they would agree to receive them for you.

To change your shipping address, click on "My page" ("マイページ") and then on "Change the registered address" ("登録住所変更"). You will then be able to change your address or phone number (do not mind about the phone number, the FC does not use SMS or call confirmation anyway). It can take up to three days for them to change it so make sure to do it in advance considering the ticket shipping period (it is safer to just change it before applying to your concerts). 

- It's not allowed to apply for concerts, and then decline paying for those you won. If you apply for a concert, win the lottery and don't pay, you will be given penalties for your next lotteries, and might even end up being kicked out of the FC. Make sure to apply only for performances you can attend, and avoid applying as much as possible just to increase your chances of getting something.

Now that you know this, it's time to apply!

You can access the list of concerts and events for which applications are currently open using the  "Ticket/event reception" ("チケット/イベント受付") button from the "Member menu" ("会員メニュー") list on the top of the screen.

You will then access this list of events and concerts for which applications are currently open (those with the red text next to them). Clicking on the name of the concert or tour that you are interested in will link you to a page with all the main information about it (rules, application and payment deadlines, etc). 

Then, click on this blue box to access the application page. 

There, you will need to select the performance(s) you wish to attend. The website will tell you the maximum number of performances you can apply for. For some performances, you can also apply for two tickets (which means you can for instance apply for you + a friend that is not a FC member).

Then, pick your chosen performance, choose the number of tickets you wish to apply for and the type of seat. Most of the time, "general" or "family" seats are available. Family seats do not allow you to stand up. Then, click on "Application" ("申込") to access the confirmation screen. Once all of this is done, check if it is written that your application was confirmed on your member's page ("マイページ" → "チケット申込状況 " or directly on the event application main page), and then all you have to do is to wait for the results!

The results will be available at the beginning of the "confirmation period". Once they are out, you will receive a mail to tell you about it, but this isn't a winning e-mail! You have to login and check your results on "My page" and "Ticket application status" ("マイページ" → "チケット申込状況"). 

If you won the ticket, its status will be written as "当選".

If you lost, the status will be "落選".

If you have won, you can access directly to the page where you can choose your preferred conbini for payment. You will then receive a payment slip number that you (or the person paying for you) can directly show to the conbini cashier to pay by cash there. Once your payment is completed, you will receive an e-mail to confirm it. The concert ticket(s) will then be sent at your registered address about a week before the performance. Note that there is a small chance of the delivery worker not accepting to deliver the ticket if you are not physically present on the delivery day. It seems to happen very rarely so do not worry about it, but in this case, you will normally be able to re-schedule the delivery.

If you lost, you can try to apply again if there is a second reception! If there is not, or if you lose again, you can then try the general sales.

♡ Via the organizer's advance lotteries

It is recommended to first rely on the FC lotteries before trying general sales, because this method is way more uncertain. It is pretty convenient if you plan on going to regular shows in smaller cities in Japan, but for competitive concerts such as those held in the Tokyo or Osaka areas or graduation shows, there are many chances for them to get instantly sold out at the sales opening time/first general sales lotteries. Tickets you get via the FC are also cheaper, because FC members enjoy special discounts on them, and have better seats. If you plan on trying to get a "competitive" ticket via general sales, be ready to fight right on the opening time!

But before the open general sales, you can try organizers' advance lotteries.

Basically, there is always a company that organizes concerts, working with UF. It depends on the area of Japan the concert is taking place in.

First of all, check which company is organizing the concert you aim at going to by looking at the tour's official page on the Hello! Project website.

 Example with ANGERME's 2024 spring tour "secret secret"

Here, you can see that the organizer for Chiba shows is Odyssey, the organizer for Osaka shows is Kyodo Information, and for Sendai shows it's Kyodo Tohoku.

In the Tokyo area, it is almost always Odyssey.

Odyssey has a special website dedicated to the concerts they organize. 

By clicking on "会員", you can pay a yearly subscription to become a member (¥2200; payment by card is possible). Becoming a member has the following advantages: access to pre-general sales lotteries, possibility of entering monthly lotteries to receive special presents, such as posters signed by the H!P members.

Those advance lotteries take place before general sales, and for competitive shows in Tokyo, it is highly recommended to enter them to have higher chances of getting a ticket in the end.

Good news: here, tickets can be paid by card AND printed at conbini (so you can do everything from overseas!)

Most of the time, other organizers also have similar systems of membership and advance lotteries. If you think it is worth the price, this would be a good solution for getting tickets before general sales if you could not participate in FC lotteries, or if you lost them. 

♡ Via the general sales

Most of the time, general sales for Hello! Project concerts are done through eplus.jp or t.pia.jp. These sales take place after the FC lottery process is over (also after organizers' advance lotteries), and are open to all. Note that some events and concerts held by ex-H!P members still doing activities also use these websites for their general sales (e.g. Sayashi Riho). 

The Hello! Project official website, as well as the official group SNS accounts, and the organizers on their own communication plateforms, will keep you updated regarding the beginning of general sales for their concerts. Some of them go by lotteries, others are directly sold under the first come, first serve principle. Sometimes, there are general sales advance lotteries and then a first come, first serve reception. All this information is available directly on the eplus / pia pages for each show.

The biggest issue regarding eplus is the fact that you need a Japanese phone number to register. You cannot just use the Tenso one as for the FC, because during the registration process, you will be asked to call a specific verification number to prove you aren't using a "fake" one. But if someone allows you to use theirs, you will only need it once (during the registration process). pia might be more complicated, as it is asked to verify the phone number whenever you create an account, apply for tickets, and check lottery results if any.

Therefore, if you want to use it, you will need to ask help from someone owning a Japanese phone number to apply for you. 

Once you got your account and selected your desired performance as well as type of seat, you can usually decide to pay at the conbini or using a credit card. As the FC lottery happens before the general sales, chances of getting "general" seats are lower, and sometimes, you will only have a choice between family or side-view tickets. Here, the conbini payment works the same as for the FC. However, this time, you will often be given a choice between receiving the tickets at your registered address, or printing them at the conbini. If you buy the tickets too close to the performance date, the conbini printing will be your only option.

♡ Via same-day tickets

This should really be your last option, because it is way more risky to plan on getting tickets like this. Consider it only if you decide to attend a certain concert on impulse, or if you couldn't get anything with one of the other ways above. 

If some tickets are still available on the day of the concert, the organizer might announce the sales of "same-day tickets". For Odyssey (organizer for most events and shows around Tokyo), information is available on their specific website, or real-time updated on their Twitter account. 

To get those tickets, you will need to line directly at the venue on the day of the concert. The sales often begin on the doors opening time, or an hour before. If there are too many people lining up, lotteries are likely to be held to choose between all the customers, and you can only pay by cash there.

For certain concerts, only certain types of remaining seats will be sold this way (e.g. family seats). You can check what is going to be on sale from the website and/or Twitter account of the organizer. Once again, use this method only as a last-minute thing if you really couldn't do another way, because many competitive shows don't have same-day tickets. Also, please note that those tickets are the very remaining ones, and are likely to not grant you with a good seat.

That's it for this quick guide! If there is any missing or incorrect information, please tell me. I will try to update it if there is any change.